Andy Warhol was a pioneer of the Pop Art movement in the 1960s, and he brought his unique blend of wit, irony, and fascination with popular culture from the canvas to the screen. Around 1963, Andy Warhol acquired a 16mm camera and began experimenting with film, creating his first underground work, Kiss, that same year. This early piece combined the raw, unpolished techniques favored by the American avant-garde with Andy Warhol’s signature camp aesthetic and the deadpan repetition that defined his serial artwork.
Warhol’s cinematic output can be divided into two main phases: silent and sound. The silent period peaked with Sleep (1964), an audacious six-hour film featuring a man asleep, captured through a nearly static camera. With its glacial pacing and indifference to traditional narrative or viewer engagement, Sleep wasn’t meant to be watched in the conventional sense—rather, it was something to be experienced. During 1964–65, Andy Warhol became remarkably prolific, producing films at an almost industrial pace—roughly one per week—capturing the eccentric mix of artists, musicians, and socialites who frequented his legendary studio, known as the Factory.
In a twist that mocked the Hollywood dream machine, Andy Warhol turned these fringe figures into underground “superstars”: the glamorous yet tragic Candy Darling, Joe Dallesandro, Holly Woodlawn, Jackie Curtis, and others. While every project bore the unmistakable imprint of Andy Warhol’s vision, he collaborated with key figures like Paul Morrissey and Chuck Wein, who contributed significantly—though often without credit—especially when Warhol himself was absent.
The shift into the sound era began with Harlot (1965), followed by other influential works such as Vinyl (1965), an adaptation of Anthony Burgess’s A Clockwork Orange. These films further explored Warhol’s obsession with fame and identity, most notably launching—and exploiting—the tumultuous rise of Edie Sedgwick, a socialite turned superstar whose story ended in tragedy. In 1966, Andy Warhol created what many consider his most iconic film: The Chelsea Girls. A chaotic, dual-screen presentation of overlapping but unrelated scenes, it showcased the core personalities of the Factory and distilled the essence of Warhol’s earlier experiments. Its success—being the first Warhol film to play in mainstream theaters—marked a turning point, nudging him toward a slightly more accessible style.
Later films like Lonesome Cowboys (1969) still featured classic Warhol touches—extended takes, jarring cuts, emotional detachment—but also incorporated elements once shunned, such as plot and character development. By this time, however, the dynamic had shifted. After the near-fatal assassination attempt on Andy Warhol in June 1968, Paul Morrissey took greater creative control, steering the output toward bizarre sex comedies that, while commercially more viable, gradually slipped into self-parody.
By the mid-1970s, Morrissey was producing Gothic-style farces under the Warhol name, though they had little connection to the original Factory ethos. Though Andy Warhol effectively stepped back from filmmaking after Andy Warhol’s Bad (directed by Jed Johnson in 1977), he never lost his appetite for observation. He continued documenting his world through a Polaroid camera, capturing the nightlife and personalities that surrounded him until his death in 1987. Throughout it all, Andy Warhol remained a visionary—blurring the lines between art, celebrity, and spectacle.
When it comes to Andy Warhol’s filmography, fans and critics often debate the highs and lows of his cinematic work. Among all the movies linked to Andy Warhol, the one that stands out as his highest rated is Heat from 1972. It’s interesting how Andy Warhol’s influence continued to shape experimental cinema during that era, and Heat really captures that unique style he was known for. On the other end of the spectrum, the lowest rated film associated with Andy Warhol is American Night, released much later in 2021. While Andy Warhol wasn’t alive to see its release, his legacy played a role in its production, making it part of his extended film catalog. So, when you look at the full range of works tied to Andy Warhol, it’s clear that Heat remains a standout favorite, while American Night received a more lukewarm reception overall. Andy Warhol truly left a mark on the world of avant-garde film.